Lescar is the first historical capital of Bearn founded by the Gallo-Romans with the first rampart probably built around the 5th century on a spur relief. This historic town developed from the Middle Ages onwards, becoming an episcopal town, with several buildings representative of this period: the cathedral of Notre-Dame de I'Assomption, the Place de l'Evêché, whose only vestige is the square tower, the Porte de l'Esquirette, which is the only existing gateway, and the Place Royale, which offers a magnificent scenic view of the Pyrenees.

The town of Lescar therefore has a rich historical and architectural heritage, the most representative and still visible part of which is located within the ramparts. The development of this historic heart of Lescar has enabled a real social and cultural affirmation, the enhancement of the heritage, but also the requalification of spaces for a rational use at the service of the various users (maintenance of commercial activity, improvement of landscape quality, flow safety).